RARE Jewish Judaica 1934 China Chinese Russian Russia HARBIN Jews Photo Family

Description

RARE Jewish Judaica 1934 China Chinese Russian Russia HARBIN Jews Photo Family
7x9 cm
Under Russian rule the Jews enjoyed the same rights as all foreigners, and did not interfere in their internal affairs. However, in 1928, following the transfer of the East China Railway to the Chinese, a severe economic crisis broke out. The Russian population in the city strengthened anti-Semitic trends and personal security was undermined. In 1931 the Japanese army conquered Manchuria and Harbin became the capital of Manchuguo, the puppet state established by the Japanese. In the 1930s, communal and Zionist activity continued, but many Jews left the city mainly to Shanghai and Tianjin. During World War II, the situation worsened and Jews were subjected to terrorism and blackmail, but under the leadership of Dr. Kaufman, the community succeeded in thwarting attempts by anti-Semitic elements to inflict more severe harm on the Jews. "The Japanese encouraged the establishment of the National Council of Far Eastern Jews, which convened in Harbin three times in 1937-1939, with the participation of delegations from Jewish communities in China.
Between 1945 and 1947, Harbin was under Soviet occupation. The leaders of the Jewish community were arrested on charges of collaborating with the Japanese government, and Kaufman was sent to a labor camp in Siberia. Zionist activity did not stop but was very limited and was conducted almost underground.
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